Problem set 10

Complete this task individually or in teams of up to three students.

Submission information: please submit on ZoneCours

Read the chocolate example from Meier (2022) and some of the examples from the course notes.

Elliott et al. (2021) attempt to replicate a study of Flavell et al. (1966) and study unprompted verbalization by children aged 5 to 10 in an experiment. Data MULTI21_D2 from package hecedsm contains the data, including unique participant id, lab, age group (either 5, 6, 7 or 10 year old), different timing for the recall task (either point-and-name, which is always last, delayed recall with 15 seconds after presenting the last image, or immediate response). You can also download the SPSS database via this link.

We consider the following sources of variation: age, id, lab and timing.

Fit a linear mixed model for the number of words correctly recalled (mcorrect) as a function of task timing and age categories, their interaction, while accounting for lab and individual-specific variability.

  1. Using Oehlert (2000) approach
    1. Identify whether factors are crossed or nested.
    2. Determine whether factors should be fixed or random.
    3. Figure out which interactions can exist and whether they can be fitted.
  2. Are there difference between recall task (i.e., timing)?
  3. Report estimated marginal means across age groups (separately for each timing if there is an interaction), with standard errors.
  4. Report the lab-specific variability and comment on regional differences based on the predictions of the random effects.1
  5. Compute the correlation of measurements for different individuals in a given lab, following the example 12.4 from the course notes

References

Elliott, E. M., Morey, C. C., AuBuchon, A. M., Cowan, N., Jarrold, C., Adams, E. J., Attwood, M., Bayram, B., Beeler-Duden, S., Blakstvedt, T. Y., Büttner, G., Castelain, T., Cave, S., Crepaldi, D., Fredriksen, E., Glass, B. A., Graves, A. J., Guitard, D., Hoehl, S., … Voracek, M. (2021). Multilab direct replication of Flavell, Beach, and Chinsky (1966): Spontaneous verbal rehearsal in a memory task as a function of age. Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science, 4(2), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1177/25152459211018187
Flavell, J. H., Beach, D. R., & Chinsky, J. M. (1966). Spontaneous verbal rehearsal in a memory task as a function of age. Child Development, 37(2), 283–299. http://proxy2.hec.ca/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true\&db=pbh\&AN=10398223\&lang=fr\&site=ehost-live
Meier, L. (2022). ANOVA and mixed models: A short introduction using R (Chapman & Hall/CRC, Eds.). https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003146216
Oehlert, G. (2000). A first course in design and analysis of experiments. W. H. Freeman. http://users.stat.umn.edu/~gary/Book.html

Footnotes

  1. In SPSS, add SOLUTION to your RANDOM specification for the lab effect. In R, assuming you fit the model with the lmerTest or lme4 package, we can extract the predictions of the lab specific mean differences from a fitted model via lme4::ranef function.↩︎